For dominant epiphytic bacteria, the functional potential of nutrient processes and mutualistic relationships were strongly affected by a high DIC level, while responses of rare epiphytic bacteria were more related to trace element processes, pathogens, and defense strategies under a high DIC level. The aquatic DIC level and further pH significantly drove the epiphytic community composition differences among the three DIC levels. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Actinobacteria are the dominant phyla of leaf epiphytic bacteria from Myriophyllum spicatum, occupying over 90% of the accumulated relative abundances.
Elevated atmospheric CO 2 significantly decreased the pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of overlying water. The physicochemical properties of the overlying water were measured. Three levels (high, medium, normal) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were applied to the overlying water. A manipulated experiment was carried out to explore the effects of elevated CO 2 on the diversity or functional characteristics of leaf epiphytic dominant and rare bacteria from a submerged macrophyte. However, how dominant and rare taxa respond to elevated atmospheric CO 2 remains unclear. Epiphytic bacteria develop complex interactions with their host macrophytes and play an important role in the ecological processes in freshwater habitats.
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